Capital allowances continue to provide an effective method for businesses to reduce their tax bills, by providing incentives for investment in eligible expenditure – typically plant and machinery.

Historically, these reliefs have been subject to change and the 2026/27 tax year is no different, as the Government moves to alter two key reliefs – Writing Down Allowance (WDA) and a new First-Year Allowance (FYA).

Reduction of the Writing Down Allowance

The WDA will be reduced from 18 per cent to 14 per cent on the main pool of qualifying plant and machinery assets.

This change has been introduced on two different dates, starting with companies subject to Corporation Tax on 1 April and followed shortly thereafter by those subject to Income Tax, such as sole traders and partnerships, from 6 April.

Businesses with large brought forward main pool expenditures are expected to lose the most from the reduction in the main rate of WDA.

In the long-term, the change may also reduce incentives for investment in second-hand assets and cars, which benefited under the previous rules.

The new First-Year Allowance

To offset some of the impact of the reduction in WDA, a new 40 per cent FYA on main rate expenditure, primarily still covering plant and machinery, will now be available.

This new FYA is intended to encourage investment in areas where other FYAs don’t allow, in particular, assets bought by unincorporated businesses and leases.

Sole traders and partnerships will, for the first time, be able to get additional support at the point of investment, which means that more businesses will be able to reduce their tax bill in the same year as their investment.

This is expected to give a quick cashflow boost to those affected and provide additional support for future investments.

However, it is important to note that this FYA does not support investment in second-hand assets, cars or leased assets in other countries.

Finally, the Government has also confirmed that small business owners will continue to benefit from tax relief on electric vehicles, as the 100 per cent FYA for zero-emission vehicles and charge points has been extended until 31 March 2027 for Corporation Tax and 5 April 2027 for Income Tax.

This gives businesses greater certainty when planning ahead, while also providing a strong financial incentive to invest by reducing tax bills upfront.

Want to make more of capital allowances?

If you think you may be eligible for capital allowances, either due to the changes outlined in this article or more generally, then it is important that you claim the tax relief available to you.

If you would like help reviewing the current capital allowances that your business can claim, please get in touch.